What is Cephalexin?

Cephalexin is an antibiotic belonging to the cephalosporin class and is used to treat a range of bacterial infections by killing bacteria. Other cephalosporin antibiotics include cefaclor and cefadroxil. 

Cephalexin is available under various brand names, including Keflex, Zartan, Biocef, Daxbia, and Panixine.

Cephalexin comes in a variety of forms, such as capsules, tablets, or liquid suspensions. Capsules and tablets should be stored at room temperature and away from heat, moisture, or light, while those taking a liquid suspension should store it in the refrigerator and throw away anything not used within 14 days. 

Cephalexin is considered a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which means it is capable of treating a wider range of bacterial infections and, as such, may be prescribed in cases where a doctor suspects infection from multiple bacterial strains or is unsure of the exact bacteria causing the infection. 

How Does Cephalexin Work?

Cephalexin works by impeding the bacteria’s ability to form its cell wall, which is the outer boundary of the bacteria that keeps all of its elements contained. 

By interfering with cell wall formation, cephalexin causes the wall to rupture. This occurs because, without the support of a cell wall, the pressure inside the bacteria’s cell becomes too much, and the membrane bursts, killing the bacteria.

What Is Cephalexin Used For?

Cephalexin is considered a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which means it can treat infections resulting from a broad range of bacteria. 

Cephalexin may be prescribed to treat bacterial infections such as:

• ear infections
• upper respiratory infections
• urinary tract infections
• skin infections
• bone infections

These are only some of the most common uses for cephalexin; other infections may also benefit from this medication. 

As an antibiotic, cephalexin is only helpful against bacterial infections, not those resulting from a virus or a fungus. Taking cephalexin if you have a viral infection such as a cold or the flu will not help you get better quicker and may even harm your immune system and leave you with a worse and longer-lasting illness. 

Side Effects of Cephalexin

The most common side effects of cephalexin include:

• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• vaginal itching or discharge
• indigestion
• stomach pain

These side effects are common but generally mild. However, if any of these symptoms do not go away or become severe, it’s important to contact your doctor. 

Some more serious side effects that may occur when taking cephalexin include:

• diarrhea that is bloody or watery
• unusual tiredness
• feeling short of breath or light-headed
• seizures
• easy bruising or red or purple spots under your skin
• fever
• yellowed skin or dark-colored urine
• cold hands and feet
• pain in your lower back or side

Contact a healthcare professional immediately if you experience any of these side effects. 

It is also possible to develop an allergic reaction to cephalexin. If you experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, hives, or swelling of the lips, face, throat, or tongue, seek immediate medical attention. 

How to Take Cephalexin?

Cephalexin should be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor, and this includes the dosing instructions and timing. Additionally, cephalexin should only be taken to treat the condition as assigned by your doctor. 

When prescribed cephalexin, take it for the entire prescribed duration, even if your symptoms improve. If your symptoms do not improve within a few days, contact your doctor, as they may want to increase your dosage or place you on a different antibiotic.

The dosage of cephalexin prescribed will vary based on your age, the condition cephalexin is prescribed to treat and its severity, other medical conditions you have, and your body’s reaction to the first dose. 

Cephalexin comes in capsules and tablets of 250 mg, 500 mg, or 750 mg. Depending on your situation, your doctor may have you take 1-4 grams per day, and these amounts are usually divided into doses taken every 6-12 hours. 

Cephalexin is taken multiple times a day, and adhering to your dosing schedule is essential. If you miss a dose, take the medication as soon as you can, but skip the dose if it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take two doses at once, as it is possible to overdose on cephalexin, with symptoms that include vomiting, nausea, stomach pain, blood in the urine, and diarrhea. If you overdose on cephalexin, contact a doctor or seek emergency medication attention. 

Cephalexin can be taken with or without food. If you experience an upset stomach from cephalexin, taking it with food can help mitigate these unpleasant symptoms.